Discover and classify the formal fallacies present in the following paragraphs. Separate the correct arguments.

1. Either the mother’s life is saved or the child’s. The child was saved, therefore the mother was sacrificed.

2. If I study enough during the year, then I will pass the course. I passed the course; therefore I studied a lot during the year.

3. Some college students favor extremism. Therefore college students are extremists.

4. If national agriculture was diversified, then the country’s economy would improve remarkably. Economy has not improved; therefore agriculture has not been diversified.

5. Every Bostonian is an American and every New Yorker is an American. Therefore, no Bostonian is a New Yorker.

6. If I were to go to the beach on vacation, then I would not attend the party. I do not attend the party. Therefore I went to the beach on vacation.

7. Some philosophers are communists. Some atheists are philosophers. Therefore, some atheists are communists.

8. No Catholic is an atheist; no Anglican is an atheist. Therefore no Anglican is Catholic.

9. Some Americans are Bostonians. A lot of Bostonians work in Washington. Therefore, a lot of people who work in Washington are Americans.

Correct the fallacies of absence of link from exercise one, according to what was indicated in the previous exercise.

1. Every tolerant person is a democrat; every Costa Rican is a democrat. Therefore every Costa Rican is a tolerant person.

2. If this remedy is effective, I recover soon. I recover soon. Therefore, this remedy is effective.

3. Either I pay the car bill or I pay the house debt. I pay the house debt. Therefore I do not pay the car bill.

4. Either society or delinquents are guilty. It is so that delinquents are guilty. Therefore, society is not guilty.

5. If taxes go up then the cost of living increases. The cost of living has increased. Therefore, taxes went up.

Correct the fallacies of absence of link from exercise one, according to what was indicated in the previous exercise.

Correct the fallacies of assertion of the antecedent and of negation of the non-asserted, of the same first exercise.

Formalize each one of the following sets of premises and prove that they are inconsistent.

1. Today is not Tuesday and is Thursday. Either today is Tuesday or it is not Thursday.

2. If it rains then streets are drenched and the sun does not shine. Either it rains and the streets are drenched, or the sun does not shine. It rains and either the streets are not drenched or the sun shines. It rains and the streets are not drenched and the sun does not shine.

3. Neither Rose is at home nor did Peter leave. John came. Either Rose is not at home or Peter left. Either John did not come or Peter left.